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Glossary of Terms
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Abrasive
Absolute hardness
Absorption spectra
Absorption spectrum
Accessory mineral
Acicular
Acid
Acid test
Activator
Adamantine
Adularescence
Adularescent
Aggregate
Alkali
Alkali Feldspar
Alkaline
Alloy
Alloyed
Alloying
Alluvial
Alluvial deposit
Alluvion
Alluvium
Alpha rays
Alpine
Alpine cavity
Alter
Alteration
Altered
Amalgam
Amber
Ammonia
Ammonium hydroxide
Amorphous
Amphibole
Amphibole group
Amygdule
Anhydrous
Anhydrous borates
Anhydrous sulfates
Anion
Anisotropic
Anisotropism
Anticline
Antimonides
Apatite group
Aqua fortis
Aqua regia
Aqueous
Aragonite group
Arborescent
Argentiferous
Argillacious
Arid
Arsenates
Arsenide
Arsenides
Asbestos
Asbestos amphibole
Asterism
Asteroid
Asymmetrical
Atom
Atomic
Atomic structure
Atomical
Atomical arrangement
Atomically
Auriferous
Autochthonous
Aventurescence
Aventurization
Axes
Axis
Axis of symmetry
Band
Banded
Banding
Basal
Basal cleavage
Basal pinacoid
Basalt
Base
Basic
Batholith
Bead test
Bed
Bedding
Bedrock
Belemnite
Beta rays
Bipyramid
Bipyramidal
Bipyramidal hexagon
Bipyramidal hexagonal
Bipyramidal hexagonal prism
Birefringence
Birthstone
Bitumen
Bituminous
Bladed
Blowpipe test
Boiling point
Bond
Borate
Borates
Borax
Botryoid
Botryoidal
Boule
Brass
Breccia
Brecciated
Brilliant cut
Brilliant luster
Brine
Brittle
Bronze
Brownspar
Bullion
Cabochon
Calcareous
Calcic
Calcite group
Cameo
Capillary
Carat
Carbonate
Carbonates
carbonatite
Carlsbad twin
Carved
Carving
Cassiterite twin
Cast
Casting
Cat's eye
Cat's eye effect
Cation
Catseye
Cave
Cavern
Cavities
Cavity
Cementation zone
Center of symmetry
Chain silicates
Chalk
Chatoyancy
Chatoyant
Chemical
Chemical bond
Chemical composition
Chemical formula
Chemical structure
Chemist
Chemistry
Chert
Chondrite
Chondrules
Chromates
Chrysoberyl twin
Clast
Clay
Cleavable
Cleavage
Cleavage angle
Cleavage face
Cleavage fragment
Cleavage surface
Cleave
Cleaved
Cleaved surface
Cleaving
Clinopinacoid
Clinopinacoidal
Cluster
Coal
Coating
Cockscomb
Color
Columnar
Composition
Compound
Concentric
Conchoidal
Concretion
Concretionary
Conductivity
Conductor
Conglomerate
Contact metamorphism
Contact twinning
Coprolite
Coral
Core
Coxcomb
Crater
Crazing
Crumbly
Crust
Crusty
Cryptocrystalline
Crystal
Crystal aggregate
Crystal angle
Crystal class
Crystal face
Crystal group
Crystal habit
Crystal lattice
Crystal structure
Crystal symmetry
Crystal system
Crystalline
Crystallization
Crystallize
Crystallized
Crystallographer
Crystallographically
Crystallography
ct
Cube
Cubic
Cubic cleavage
Cubic octahedron
Cubic system
Cuboctahedral
Culet
Cut
Cyclosilicates
Cymophane effect
Decomposition
Decrepitation
Dehydration
Deliquesce
Deliquescent
Dendrite
Dendritic
Density
Deposit
Detrital
Detritus
Devitrification
Devitrify
Diabase
Diagenesis
Diamagnetic
Diamagnetism
Diamondlike luster
Diaphaneity
Diaphanous
Diapir
Dichroic
Dichroism
Diffract
Diffraction
Diffused
Diffusion treatment
Dike
Dimorph
Dimorphous
Diorite
Dipyramid
Dipyramidal
Disilicates
Dispersing
Dispersion
Dodecahedral
Dodecahedron
Dollar
Dolomite
Dolostone
Double refraction
Doublet
Doubly terminated
Druse
Drusy
Druzy
Dry lake
Dry lake deposit
Ductile
Ductilibility
Ductility
Dull
Dull luster
Dump
Dusting
Earth science
Earthy
Earthy luster
Eclogite
Effervesce
Effervescence
Effervescent
Effloresce
Efflorescence
Efflorescent
Eightling
Elastic
Electric
Electrical
Electricity
Electromagnetic radiation
Electrometallurgy
Electron
Element
Elements
Elongated
Embedded crystal
Emerald
Emerald cut
Empirical formula
Enaniotropic
Encrust
Encrustation
Encrusting
End member
Engrave
Engraving
Environment
Epimorph
Epitaxial overgrowth
Epitaxy
Epithermal vein
Epsom salts
Equant
Equidimensional
Eroded
Erosion
Euhedral
Evaporate
Evaporation
Evaporite
Evaporite deposit
Even
Even fracture
Exfoliate
Extract
Extraction
Extraterrestrial
Extrusive
Face
Facet
Faceted
Faceting
Fault
Feldspar
Feldspar group
Feldspathoid
Feldspathoid group
Felsic
Ferrian
Ferroginous
Ferromagnetic
Ferromagnetism
Ferrous
Fiber
Fibrous
Filiform
Fire
Fishtail twin
Fissile
Fissility
Flaky
Flame test
Flat
Flaw
Flawless
Flexibility
Flexible
Flexible and elastic
Flexible but inelastic
Floater
Floater crystal
Flow banding
Flowstone
Fluoresce
Fluorescence
Fluorescent
Fluorescent lamp
Fluorite twin
Fluvial
Fluvial deposit
Flux
Fold
Foliated
Form
Formula
Fossil
Fossiliferous
Fossilization
Fossilize
Fossilized
Fourling
Fracture
Framework silicates
Freezing point
Friable
Fulgurite
Fumarole
Fusion
Gabbro
Gamma rays
Gangue
Gangue material
Garnet Group
Garnet paper
Geiger counter
Gem
Gemminess
Gemmy
Gemological
Gemologist
Gemology
Gemstone
Geode
Geologic
Geological
Geologist
Geology
GIA
Gilson Process
Girdle
Glass
Glassy luster
Glauber's salt
Globular
Gneiss
Goniometer
Gossan
Grain
Grainy
Gram
Granite
Granitic
Granular
Gravel
Gravity
Greasy
Greasy luster
Greenschist
Greenstone
Group
Grouping
Guano
Gwindel
Habit
Hackly
Halides
Halogen
Hard water
Hardness
Hardness testing kit
HCl
Heart
Heat treated
Heat treating
Heat treatment
Hemimorphic
Hemispherical
Hexagon
Hexagonal
Hexagonal bipyramid
Hexagonal bipyramidal
Hexagonal shape
Hexoctahedral
Hexoctahedron
Hopper
Hornfels
Host mineral
Hot spring
Humite group
Hydrate
Hydrated
Hydration
Hydrocarbons
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrofluoric acid
Hydrometallurgy
Hydrothermal
Hydrothermal Method
Hydrothermal Vein
Hydrous
Hydrous borates
Hydrous sulfates
Hydroxides
Hydroxyl
Hygroscopic
Hygroscopy
Hypothermal vein
Icosahedra
Icosahedral
Icosahedron
Icosi-tetrahedron
Idiochromatic
Igneous
Igneous rock
IMA
Impure
Impurities
Impurity
In Situ
Included
Inclusion
Incrust
Incrustation
Incrusting
Index of refraction
Indiscernible
Inelastic
Infiltration
Ingot
Inorganic
Inosilicates
Insoluble
Intaglio
Intermediary
Intermediary Member
Intrusion
Intrusive
Intrusive rock
Ion
Iridesce
Iridescence
Iridescent
Irradiate
Irradiated
Irradiating
Irradiation
Isometric
Isomorph
Isomorphism
Isomorphous
Isotropic
Isotropization
Isotype
Isotypism
Isotypous
Ivory
Jagged
Japan Law Twin
Japanese law twin
Japanese twin
Jet
Jewel
Jeweler
Jewelry
K
K-spar
Karat
Karst
Kimberlite
Kt
Lab
Laboratory
Labradoresce
Labradorescence
Labradorescent
Laccolith
Lamellar
Laminated rock
Lanthanides
Lapidaries
Lapidary
Lattice
Lava
Lenticular
Light
Light reflection
Light refraction
Limestone
Litmus paper
Locality
Lode
Longwave
Loupe
Lubricant
Luminesce
Luminescence
Luminescent
Luster
Lustrous
LW
Macle
Macrocrystalline
Mafic
Magma
Magmatic
Magmatite
Magmatite rock
Magnesia
Magnet
Magnetic
Magnetic field
Magnetism
Malleability
Malleable
Mammilary
Mantle
Marble
Marquise
Massive
Matrix
Melee
Melting point
Mesothermal vein
Metal
Metallic
Metallic elements
Metallic luster
Metallurgy
Metamict
Metamiction
Metamorphasized
Metamorphic
Metamorphic rock
Metamorphism
Metamorphosed
Metasilicate chains
Metasilicate rings
Metasilicates
Metasomatically
Metasomatism
Metastability
Metastable
Meteor
Meteoric
Meteorite
Meteoroid
Mica
Mica group
Micaceous
Microcrystal
Microcrystalline
Micromount
Miller Index
Miller indices
Mine
Miner
Mineral
Mineral group
Mineral series
Mineral show
Mineralogical
Mineralogically
Mineralogist
Mineralogy
Mineraloid
Mining
Mixed crystal
Mohs Hardness scale
Mohs Scale
Molecular
Molecular arrangement
Molecular structure
Molecule
Mollusk
Molten
Molten rock
Molybdates
Monochromatic
Monoclinic
Monotropic
Mother of pearl luster
Mother rock
Mother-of-pearl
Mottled
Multicolored
Multiple oxides
Mylonite
Nacre
Nacreous
Native
Native elements
Natural glass
Nepheline syenite
Nesosilicates
Neutron
Nitrate
Nitrates
Nitrates Group
Nitric acid
Nodular
Nodule
Non-crystalline
Non-metallic
Non-metallic elements
Nonbrittle
Nonmetal
Nuclei
Nucleus
Nugget
Obsidian
Occurrence
Ochre
Octacube
Octagon
Octahedra
Octahedral
Octahedral cleavage
Octahedral cube
Octahedron
Oil of vitriol
Oiling
Oily luster
Oolite
Oolitic
Opalesce
Opalescence
Opalescent
Opalization
Opalize
Opaque
Open Pit
Optical
Optical properties
Optics
Ore
Organic
Orthorhombic
Orthosilicates
Outcrop
Oval
Overtone
Oxidation
Oxidation minerals
Oxidation zone
Oxide
Oxides
Oxidize
Oxidized
Oxidized zone
Paleontologist
Paleontology
Pallasite
Panning
Paragenesis
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetism
Paramorph
Parting
Patina
Pear
Pearl
Pearly
Pearly luster
Pegmatite
Pendant
Penetration
Penetration twin
Penetration twinning
Pentagonal dodecahedron
Percussion figure
Peridotite
Periodic table
Perky box
Petrifaction
Petrification
Petrified
Petrified wood
Petrographer
Petrographic microscope
Petrography
Petroleum
Petrologist
Petrology
pH
Phantom
Phantom growth
Phenocryst
Phosphate
Phosphates
Phosphoresce
Phosphorescence
Phosphorescent
Photochromism
Phyllosilicates
Physicist
Physics
Piezoelectric
Piezoelectricity
Pinacoid
Pinacoidal
Pinacoidal cleavage
Pipe
Pisolite
Pisolitic
Pit
Pitchlike luster
Pitchy
Placer
Placer deposit
Plagioclase twin
Plane
Plane of symmetry
Planetoid
Plate
Plate-like
Plated
Platy
Playa
Pleochroic
Pleochroism
Plug
Plumose
Plutonic
Plutonic rock
Pocket
Point
Polished
Polishing
Polychromatic
Polyhedron
Polymerization
Polymorph
Polymorphism
Polymorphous
Polysynthetic twinning
Polysynthetic twins
Polytype
Porcelaneous
Porous
Porphry
Porphyritic
Porphyry
Potash
Potash feldspar
Potassium feldspar group
Potspar
Precious gemstone
Precious metal
Precious stone
Precipitating
Precipitation
Primary
Primary mineral
Princess
Prism
Prismatic
Prismatic cleavage
Prospect
Prospecting
Prospector
Proton
Ps.
Pseudo
Pseudo-octahedral
Pseudo-octahedron
Pseudocube
Pseudocubic
Pseudohexagon
Pseudohexagonal
Pseudomorph
Pseudomorphed
Pseudomorphism
Pt
Pure
Pyncnometer
Pyramidal
Pyritohedral
Pyritohedron
Pyroelectric
Pyroelectricity
Pyrometallurgy
Pyrosilicates
Pyroxene
Pyroxene group
Quarried
Quarries
Quarry
Quartz group
Quartzite
Radial
Radiating
Radiation
Radical
Radioactive
Radioactivity
Rare earth
Rare earth elements
REE
Reflection
Reflective
Refract
Refraction
Refractive index
Refractive indices
Refractometer
Relative density
Reniform
Repeated twinning
Repeated twins
Replace
Replaced
Replacement
Replacing
Resinlike luster
Resinous
Resinous luster
Resistance
Resistant
Reticulated
Rhomb
Rhomb-scalenohedron
Rhombic
Rhombic dodecahedron
Rhombohedral
Rhombohedral cleavage
Rhombohedron
Rhyolite
Rift
Ring silicates
Rock
Rock crystal
Rock shop
Rock show
Rock-forming mineral
Rosette
Rough
Round
Rust
Rusting
Rutilated
Rutile twin
Saccharoidal
Saline
Saline deposit
Saline lake
Salinity
Salt
Salt dome
Salt Lake
Sand
Sandstone
Sassuritization
Scalenohedral
Scalenohedron
Scales
Scaly
Scepter
Schiller
Schist
Sclerometer
Scoria
Secondary
Secondary mineral
Sectile
Sectility
Sediment
Sedimentary
Sedimentary rock
Sedimentation process
Selenides
Selvage
Semi-metal
Semi-metallic
Semi-metallic elements
Semi-precious
Semi-precious gemstone
Series
Setting
Shaft
Shale
Sheaflike
Sheet silicates
Shelly fracture
Shortwave
Silica
Silica gel
Silica group
Silicafied
Silicate
Silicates
Siliceous
Silky
Silky luster
Sill
Silt
Simple oxides
Simple sulfides
Sinter
Sixling
Skarn
Skeletal
Slab
Slag
Slate
Smelt
Smooth fracture
Snakehead
Soil
Solid solution
Solidify
Solubility
Soluble
Solution
Solvent
Sorosilicates
Spar
Specific gravity
Specimen
Spectra
Spectral
Spectrograph
Spectrometer
Spectrophotometer
Spectroscope
Spectroscopy
Spectrum
Sphenoidal
Spherical
Spherulite
Spherulitic
Spinel twin
Spinel-law twin
Splendent luster
Splinter
Splintery
Splintery fracture
Square
Stable
Stalactite
Stalactitic
Stalactitically
Stalagmite
Stalagmitic
Staurolite twin
Stellate
Stock
Stone
Strahler
Strata
Stratification
Stratum
Streak
Streak plate
Striated
Striations
Structural
Structure
Stubby
Stud
Sub-metallic
Subconchoidal
Subconchoidal fracture
Subgroup
Sublimate
Sublimation
Submetallic
Sulfate
Sulfates
Sulfide
Sulfides
Sulfosalt
Sulfosalts
Sulfuric acid
Surrounding rock
SW
Swallowtail twin
Syenite
Symmetrical
Symmetry
Synthesized
Synthetic
Synthetic gem
Tabular
Tarnish
Tectosilicates
Tellurides
Tenacity
Tenebrescence
Tenebrescent
Terminated
Termination
Tetragonal
Tetragonal trisoctahedron
Tetrahedral
Tetrahedron
Texture
Thermal
Thermoluminescence
Thermoluminescent
Thumbnail
Tourmaline group
Transformation
Translucency
Translucent
Transparency
Transparent
Trap rock
Trapezohedra
Trapezohedral
Trapezohedron
Trapiche
Traprock
Triboluminescence
Triboluminescent
Trichroic
Trichroism
Triclinic
Trigonal
Trilling
Trillion
Triplet
Trisoctahedral
Trisoctahedron
True phosphates
Trunk
Tube test
Tuberose
Tufa
Tufacious spring
Tuff
Tumbled
Tumbler
Tumbling
Tungstates
Tungstates and Molybdates
Tungstens
Twin
Twinned
Twinned crystal
Twinning
Type locality
Uintaite
Ultrabasic
Ultramafic
Ultraviolet
Ultraviolet lamp
Ultraviolet light
Uneven
Uneven fracture
Unstable
UV
UV lamp
Vanadates
Variable formula
Variety
Vein
Vent
Venting
Vermeil
Verneuil process
Vesicle
Vitreous
Vitreous luster
Vitriol
Volatilize
Volcanic
Volcanic rock
Volcanism
Volcano
Vug
Vulcanism
Waterworn
Waxlike luster
Waxy
Waxy luster
Weathered
Weathering
Wheat sheaf
Wheat sheaves
White light
Widmanstatten lines
Widmanstatten pattern
Wires
Wiry
Wolframates
X-ray
Xenolith
Zeolite
Zeolite group
Zoning
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