The Mineral jarosite
Jarosite is both an individual mineral, as well a group name of several similar minerals. Jarosite is the most common member of the group; some of the other rare members include Ammoniojarosite, Argentojarosite, Beaverite, Dorallcharite, Hydroniumjarosite,
Natrojarosite, and Plumbojarosite.
Jarosite was first described in 1852 by German
mineralogist August Breithaupt in
type locality of Barranco Jaroso in the Sierra Almagrera in Southern Spain. In 2004, it was detected by the exploration rover Opportunity on Mars, indicating the possible presence of water that once existed on Mars.
Chemical Formula
KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
Color
Yellow-brown, brown, orange-brown
Uses
Jarosite is not an industrially important mineral. However, it is popular among micromount collectors who find this mineral, which is only in small crystals, interesting in shape and color.
Noteworthy Localities
Jarosite is not a common mineral. It has been found in the Jaroso Ravine in Sierra Almagrera, Spain, the type locality for which it was named after. It is also found in Spain in the La Murta Mine, Castellon. Other European localities for Jarosite are Caldbeck Fells, Cumbria, England; the Clara mine in Rankach, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany; Huanani, Bolivia; and Sierra Pena Blanca, Chihuahua, Mexico.
In the U.S., Jarosite exists in several localities in Nevada, specifically at the Silver Coin Mine, Valmy, Humboldt Co.; Majuba Hill, Pershing Co.; and the Gilbert District, Goldfield, Esmeralda Co. Other occurrences are Bisbee and Tombstone, Cochise Co., Arizona; the Tintic District, Juab Co., Utah; the Iron Arrow Mine, Chaffee Co., Colorado; and Girard, Burke Co., Georgia. An important Mexican locality for Jarosite is Sierra Peña Blanca, Chihuahua.
Distingushing Similar Minerals
Jarosite's crystal forms combined with its color easily identify it. However, poorly crystallized examples and massive forms of Jarosite may be difficult to distinguish from other minerals, such as Limonite. Jarosite is also indistinguishable from its isomorphous mineral Natrojarosite by ordinary methods.